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I would certainly agree that finding LED bulbs that you like and/or don't bother you can take some work (especially if you want to put them on a dimmer, in which case you may also need to replace your dimmer). However, I am skeptical that subtle PWM flickering is unavoidable. For the chateau example, it would be better to choose bulbs with fewer lumens and run them at 100%?

I wonder about this too. If I have a dimmer and a LED bulb, does putting the dimmer all the way up still use PWM? I have a hunch that it still does, but would love to be proven wrong.

I think that's a double whammy, not only are the fungi ready and willing to use those extra nutrients in the soil, the carnivorous plants have in many cases lost most of their unneeded-in-poor-soils ability to absorb the nutrients. That's why you can feed your flytrap tiny bits of hamburger (or maybe tofu, not sure if the amino balance matters unless that's all they're getting?)

Ah, so in two rows pg up, up arrow, pg down left arrow, down arrow, right arrow I do like that layout, I have an old Dell Precision like that (though even its small keycaps are pretty big). My Framework 13 has the funny full-size left and right on either side of half-height up/down, which is kind of annoying, but you can get used to it, mostly.

Part of what convinced me to pay for Premium was confirming that Goog didn't seem to care if I used an adblocker if I was also paying.

Perhaps some local astrophysicists can chime in on how the gas could be characterized as "hot" - my naive assumption is that could only be relative?

So, temperature is basically a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance. When you have an extremely diffuse gas, as is the case between galaxies, the particles can be moving very fast, but energy density is still low, because there are so few particles. According to the abstract of the paper, this gas is just 10^-3 particles/cm^3 or 1000 particles per cubic meter. That is 5 orders of magnitude less than the space between planets in our solar system.

So, yes, it is hot. But it also very, very sparse. According to Wikipidia 10^5 to 10^7 K[1]. But there isn't very much of it.

As to why they are hot, from what I've been able to find, it is at least partly due to gravitational potential energy being converted to thermal energy, as it falls into filaments.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warm%E2%80%93hot_intergalactic...


Assuming it's not a fabrication of the press release, it may be jargon. Astrophysicists call "metal" everything that is not Hydrogen or Helium, but Chemist disagree heavily.

In this case, the paper don't call it "hot" but it says that 99.99% of the Hydrogen is ionized.

To ionize one Hydrogen you need 13.6eV. The average energy is temperature*k_Boltzmann. So if the temperature is 13.6eV/k_Boltzmann ~= 160000K then the 50% of the Hydrogen is ionized and 50% not ionized.

To get only 0.01% not ionized you need to increase the temperature, IIRC -log(0.01%)~=9 times.

So the temperature is ~1400000K. Unless I'm making an horrible stupid mistake, I agree it's hot.

(I may be missing the 4.7eV of the dissociation of H2 molecules into two H atoms, that would increase the temperature like a 40%.)


Wouldn’t that be trivially the average velocity of the particles?

Average velocity of the particles if there are enough of them to collide frequently (and if you can factor out bulk motion). But you can also look at average vibrational energy.

So collisions would provide enough energy to call them hot, or is that a term of art, like calling all non-hydrogen, non-helium elements "metallic"?

I want to hear what Sabine Hossenfelder says. I trust that she will say her honest truth.

The Youtube algorithm unfortunately had the same effect on Sabine as it has on every Youtuber who depend on the platform for income

Sabine has always been a little bit on the fringe of physics (e.g. Superdeterminism has had a, let's call it, less than mainstream appeal)

But now every other video is some complete crackpot nonsense being given consideration for 5 minutes and, hastily debunked in the last minute, and with a title like Could This New Theory of Everything Solve Consciousness and Dark Energy?

Sabine's Youtube is a very different type of content than the old BackReaction days.


It’s sarcasm …

The modern version of History Channel shows with titles like Ancient Nazi Alien Secrets Exposed.

I'm curious what you mean by "modern", because History has been showing garbage for closing in on 2 decades now at least (Ancient Aliens is like 17 years old).

Right, Sabine's channel is the modern version of that "ancient" show.

My assumption is some designer chose the three horizontal lines to suggest a list of choices. Later, for some tiny space where lines didn't fit well, they were crushed into three dots stacked vertically (which also sort of suggests an ellipsis tipped on its side?) Why we decided to use food metaphors... well, who isn't thinking about what's for lunch?

That's exactly it. Android popularized it with its early versions when those phones had physical buttons. One of those buttons was the menu list button which opened the context menu. Eventually that button was removed and was replaced with in-app menu buttons. The remaining buttons became virtual, and then bikeshedded to triangle, circle, and square because usability be damned.

> which also sort of suggests an ellipsis tipped on its side

They're bullet points indicating a list of items.


Meat. Balls.

Possibly ethernet from the cabin wall to the travel router? I haven't ever taken a cruise, but I could imagine that, some hotels have ethernet in their rooms.

If it did, it would suggest they actually have metadata indicating it's AI-generated (in spite of whatever protests to the contrary they're making).

Maybe, unless people are liking something that AI is providing, without necessarily being aware of it.

Since some people actively try to block AI channels, it's probably quite easy to identify them from user behavior.

It's not hard for us to pick out slop art and writing that's similar to some samples we've seen. We don't need explicit labeling, models shouldn't either.

Does that say Camus had his phone seized? He was denied being allowed to come and speak, not to visit as a journalist, which also strikes me a fairly different case (whatever you think of his positions, or whether they should be debated or silenced). It seems unlikely to me that a journalist who'd written flattering things about the AFD would be treated so badly trying to visit Germany?

> Does that say Camus had his phone seized?

I'm confused where this question is coming from. Do cases have to be exactly the same to draw parallels?

> It seems unlikely to me that a journalist who'd written flattering things about the AFD would be treated so badly trying to visit Germany?

Germany is a bad example, as they're deporting and planning to even revoke citizenship based on speech:

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/4/14/germany-orders-depo...

https://theintercept.com/2025/03/31/germany-gaza-protesters-...

https://www.dw.com/en/germany-could-withdraw-citizenship-due...


Complicated thing: had a certain Austrian who complained about the German government silencing him instead been deported and forbidden to return after his prison sentence, the world might have been a very different place.

I take it that keyboard shortcuts weren't an option for some reason? They clearly are the most common kind of chording we're used to now (though I have always had lots of respect for anyone who can type everything on a small chording keyboard).

Shortcuts often don't remove the need to take your hand off the mouse, so the cycle time can be slower. As the OP says, when you don't need to do bulk text entry the keyset can work better, especially if your editor is tuned fot it (as NLS was). I use a left hand controller (an old razer n52 nostromo) for video games and it really helps, though sometimes you have to spend some time configuring it. works for normal text editors too.

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