It could be both. And focus distance may matter. Like, books may also cause myopia. Reading books outdoors may be a bit better than reading books indoors. Using screens at a distance could also be benign.
Why was this downvoted? VR shows an image at infinity which is much better than other display technologies, and new technologies like micro LED chips can be super bright and even rival the outdoors. Together, both hypotheses regarding myopia are addressed.
That's if you get motion sickness. You'd get temporary discomfort, not myopia. But if you don't get motion sickness, then AR/VR provides the benefit of a greater focal distance than computer monitors, tablets, smartphones, etc.
Not everyone gets motion sickness though. I can use my VR headset for hours without discomfort from VAC.
From that publication:
The results of the study indicated that the visual acuity of employees who work with data glasses generally did not change over the course of a shift and over a period of six months. Nevertheless, there were groups that had an increased chance of deterioration. Eye strain was frequently reported after working with the data glasses.
Our study pointed out that employees aged 40 years and older are at risk for deteriorations of visual acuity, which is consistent with the findings of Yeow et al. (1991), who examined computer users.
You can prioritize both, actually. If you can keep your eyes focused at a longer distance while you’re working, you won’t develop nearsightedness/myopia.
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