I feel like a more effective way to use cron is just to dispatch jobs into a queue that will perform the actual processing. And not to do the processing within the cron scripts themselves. That way the load on the cron is light and the heavy lifting is done by your queue/worker system.
A lifetime ago I scaled up cron jobs for a client with Gearman. Using cron to trigger jobs on the Gearman server and the pool of runners to do all the work. This proved to be so reliable they still use the system today, over 10 years later.