As someone who used PowerShell for a year and has used Bash for 10+, PowerShell is much less scary than Bash. The scariest thing about PowerShell is .NET, which (at least 8 years ago or so, so cue someone correcting that below) had extensive but often low quality documentation, with undocumented features you basically had to use to write useful code, uselessly trivial code examples (think "`0 + 0 == 0`" as an example of arithmetic) and some bad names. That's not to say Bash is better, just that they still had some way to go.
Microsoft online documentation is very good. I initially spent just a weekend trying to create a nice prompt, just because I was annoyed by the ugly “PS >” when using Windows. The online documentation had everything I needed, and I enjoyed so much that I switched all my systems to using powershell as their default shell.
That will direct you to the documentation page specific to a command. That way you can discover the environment little by little by experimenting.
Also, the auto completion for all commands and their arguments is helpful to learn what is possible.
Also, if you want to keep your bash habits, be sure to install powershell 7, and enable the emacs edit mode (which is similar to bash defaults, with C-a, C-e, etc):
