No offense meant, but if you are surprised about the existence of Scrum Masters, then that interviewer is not at all wrong for wondering if you have enough Scrum experience.
Unless you are being hired as a Scrum Master, “not enough scrum experience” should not be a hiring consideration. On the other hand, it being a hiring consideration is such a negative signal that mossing out on a job because of it is almost certainly dodging a bullet.
It’s true too that 4 out of 5 scrum masters will lament the bothersome dearth of experienced scrumee programmers. Never a shortage of scrum masters, or ceos or vc or debt. But labor you can arbitrage for 10x profits are always hard to find domestically.
Scrum is something management does and the developer has to "bow" down to. It's not something you can learn before the job because every place implements it differently.
> Maybe it was not enough experience working in Agile if you don’t know scrum ceremonies and stuff
You don't get experience with Scrum ceremonies, or other any kind of “ceremonies” unless they happen to be in the application domain rather than the dev process, working in a place that values “Individuals and interactions over processes and tools”.