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> Email and SMS are inherently insecure

But nevertheless widely used as de-facto identity, I assume because account recovery in case of lost credentials is paramount. At least 90% of my accounts would be stolen or lost, today, should I lose access to my email.

I don’t particularly like email, for many reasons. Especially that most people’s email can be blocked by a faceless corporation that suddenly bans you. That said, I think there are far worse options, such as endless iterations on proprietary and ad-hoc auth “standards”. At least to me, the technical challenges of hardening email seem far less intimidating than educating the public on a new system.

> apps and smartcode verification are starting to be almost as secure and usable as the HTTPS client certificate support

I agree that client certs are greatly under-utilized and poorly supported by eg reverse proxies, but how would they help here? What’s the user flow for non-technical Joe to acquire a client cert to pay his bills?



> But nevertheless widely used as de-facto identity, I assume because account recovery in case of lost credentials is paramount. At least 90% of my accounts would be stolen or lost, today, should I lose access to my email.

Sure, but that's your choice. If you want to make your Google account require 3 factor authentication and a 10 minute timeout, you can, and from the perspective of any site logging you in via OAuth from Google, nothing changes. Even if 90% of users are going to use email only, it's nice to not force everyone down to that lowest common denominator.

> I agree that client certs are greatly under-utilized and poorly supported by eg reverse proxies, but how would they help here? What’s the user flow for non-technical Joe to acquire a client cert to pay his bills?

I just feel that if we'd put half the effort people put into SMS 2FA, authenticator apps, password managers and all that into making a better UX for client certificates, we'd be further along. Ah well.




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