> Tax everything the amount it costs to clean up the pollution it causes
This would be very fair but note that it instantly kills anything that produces nuclear waste, as you must factor in the cost of maintaining that waste for 100 000 years or more.
It would instantly kill anything full stop depending on what you call pollution. There is no such thing as a fully cyclic industrial production system.
Nuclear is only special in that it's one of the very few industries for which we are careful to track its impact. If we started using the same standard for everything we do, everything would disappear overnight, starting with agriculture.
This would be very fair but note that it instantly kills anything that produces nuclear waste, as you must factor in the cost of maintaining that waste for 100 000 years or more.