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> How do you fix it without "fixing" "rich" or "democratic"?

"Democratic" is only a problem under a given set of structural incentives. The problem is those incentives are prevalent.

An example of how to fix this would be to classify zoning restrictions as a taking under the 5th Amendment in the US. So if the government wants to institute a zoning restriction (e.g. on building height), they'd have to pay you the fair market value of the expected rental profits from the extra floors you're not allowed to build but could have if they hadn't taken your right to build them. A democratic government could still enact the restriction, but it would be expensive and therefore rare.

(And it should be expensive because the economic cost is actually that high.)



I'm not sure that anything you've said describes something resembling a solution, except in the very narrow circumstances of the sort of people who insist on living in cities where the cheapest apartments rent out for $4000+/month.

Yes, if the developers were allowed to come in and put up some high density something somewhere, those prices would ease back down under $3000/month (if only a little below), and the sort that's well into the six figures in six figure incomes would rejoice.

But we wouldn't see any difference anywhere else in the US (or, for those of you in other high cost of living countries, I dunno, London maybe?). No one living in Terra Haute, Indiana would be better off. No one in Boise, no one in Richmond, Virginia.

Nor is some nationwide laissez-faire policy going to do the trick. The flip-side of "housing costs too much" is "oh shit, the builders built way too much" and then the economy craters when that does more than just cool, but freezes over for a decade. If you wanted the blue collar folk to howl in agony, just wait til that happens. Or, just maybe, you think you have some special insight where you could perfectly regulate just how much construction occurs, so that there's no excess at all.

What if we've somehow gotten ourselves into a mess where there are no solutions at all? Like, mathematically. Like, if we had an extra century to work out the problem, we could prove there is no solution? What if there are too many people who need goods (homes, of course, but other things too), but who can't ever have viable livelihoods no matter how much low-quality education we stamp on their foreheads with C+ grades? What if UBI doesn't work, because in the part of the economy that is actually worthwhile, there's just not enough excess to tax away and send to them as welfare? What if we're still 150 years away from the technology that would give you your Star Trek post-scarcity utopia?

What would that look like? Could it look something like this? Like some really bad imbalances that, with a naive-enough outlook, seem as if they might still be re-balanced if someone were brave enough to make the hard decision?

A long time ago, before even some of you reading this comment were born (and for the rest, we were all still in school), someone decided that the United States was not going to make things anymore. We'd all be manicurists and day traders and lawyers and hip-hop recording artists. This is the result. Nor was it a good thing for places like China, where that's all they do, they're about to hit a wall too, and it's no longer clear Winnie can postpone that either. I don't think cannibalism will be widespread, but a few years from now you may wake up to realize that you haven't heard a dog barking for several summers at that point.


> No one living in Terra Haute, Indiana would be better off. No one in Boise, no one in Richmond, Virginia.

Why not? They have zoning restrictions there too. Nobody would be building skyscrapers there, but they would be building multi-family homes instead of single-family homes.

The only places it wouldn't matter is where land is really not scarce, i.e. rural areas or cities with long-term negative population growth. But those are the places with the cheapest housing at present -- that's not where the problem is.

> The flip-side of "housing costs too much" is "oh shit, the builders built way too much" and then the economy craters when that does more than just cool, but freezes over for a decade.

What was the date of the last housing crash in the US caused by overproduction of housing?

> What if there are too many people who need goods (homes, of course, but other things too), but who can't ever have viable livelihoods no matter how much low-quality education we stamp on their foreheads with C+ grades? What if UBI doesn't work, because in the part of the economy that is actually worthwhile, there's just not enough excess to tax away and send to them as welfare? What if we're still 150 years away from the technology that would give you your Star Trek post-scarcity utopia?

These things are two sides of a coin. Absent some supervillain extracting the surplus to store in an evil supervillain mattress, automation technology that eliminates jobs also lowers the cost of living.

If things aren't very automated then there is plenty of work to do and plenty of jobs available. If things are very automated then automated production results in cheap goods which allows people to make a living by working fewer hours.

It can even be both at once, because rather than working for fewer hours, people generally prefer to keep working their existing hours and then use the extra money to buy more stuff. Which increases demand, which requires more labor to produce the additional stuff, which creates new jobs. Notice how we've already automated many things that used to be manual and the unemployment rate is still very low.




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