The Apple one doesn’t seem fair. You can do the math to center the box but typography with descenders throws everything off. I think if they had centered it “correctly” it would feel off.
The iOS upper right tray stuff looks right how it is, I don't think they were trying to center them vertically with each other. It's treated more like a line of text, with some parts of the icons (outer border of the battery, rounded corners of the LTE bars) dropping below baseline like descenders.
And the Business login screen pushes the centering around because it assigns different visual weight to the UI element versus its label. When the label is on the left (text fields) the centerline shifts right, and when the label is on the right (checkbox) the centerline shifts left. The elements that stand alone (building circle, Business text, Sign In button, Need help signing in text) all keep a consistent line. If you ignore that visual weight and just center them, you probably end up with it looking wrong like a triangle with its bounding box centered in a circle does.
