C's is weak yet not weak – you can do various advanced things (like conditional expansion or iteration), but using esoteric voodoo with extreme performance cost. Whereas other preprocessors let you do that using builtins which are fast and easy to grok.
Poor C preprocessor performance has a negative real world impact, for example recently with the Linux kernel – https://lwn.net/Articles/983965/ – a more powerful preprocessor would enable people to do those things they are doing anyway much more cheaply
I've always suspected the powerful macro facilities in Lisp are why it's never been very common - the ability to do proper macros means all the very smart programmers create code that has to be read like a maths paper. It's too bespoke to the problem domain and too tempting to make it short rather than understandable.
I like Rust (tho I have not yet programmed in it) but I think if people get too into macro generated code, there is a risk there to its uptake.
It's hard for smart programmers to really believe this, but the old "if you write your code as cleverly as possible, you will not be able to debug it" is a useful warning.
See for example https://github.com/pfultz2/Cloak/wiki/C-Preprocessor-tricks,...
Poor C preprocessor performance has a negative real world impact, for example recently with the Linux kernel – https://lwn.net/Articles/983965/ – a more powerful preprocessor would enable people to do those things they are doing anyway much more cheaply