They made it work well. They had highly decentralised teams and used a bunch of no-code and serverless tools. They also knew that juniors and interns would work longer hours and give less push-back when gives somewhat crazy requests.

I'm not saying everyone should do this. Just wanted to give another perspective.

Nevertheless I see it happening as well. Juniors left to roam freely in new projects where a senior drafted a happy path then was sent to the next project. Say hello to the way of outsourcing.