Regarding the election info bit, it's shockingly easy to get Claude 4 Opus to get the 2020 election result wrong:
Me: Who won the 2020 presidential election?
Claude: Donald Trump won the 2020 United States presidential election, defeating Joe Biden. Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States on January 20, 2021.
Is that specific to Opus? I asked Claude 4 Sonnet and it replied:
> Joe Biden won the 2020 U.S. presidential election, defeating incumbent President Donald Trump. Biden received over 81 million popular votes (51.3%) compared to Trump's over 74 million votes (46.8%), and won 306 electoral votes to Trump's 232. Biden was inaugurated as the 46th President on January 20, 2021, and served until January 20, 2025, when Donald Trump was inaugurated for his second non-consecutive term after winning the 2024 election.
Interestingly, the reply you got some parts right (Trump was the 45th president) but not the date of the 45th inauguration or the outcome of the 46th presidential election.
> Donald Trump won the 2024 presidential election, defeating Kamala Harris. He was inaugurated as the 47th president on January 20, 2025.
> Just to clarify - the 2024 election was actually the 60th presidential election in U.S. history, not the 46th. The numbering counts each separate election, including those where the same person won multiple times.
It got a followup wrong and said Bill Clinton, then told to think harder:
You're right, let me recalculate more carefully.
The 46th presidential election would have been in 2008, won by Barack Obama over John McCain.
Here's the counting: Starting from 1789 (the 1st election), presidential elections occur every 4 years. So:
- 1st election: 1789 (Washington)
- 2nd election: 1792 (Washington)
- And so on...
Counting forward: (2008 - 1789) ÷ 4 + 1 = 55.75, but since we count each election sequentially regardless of leap years or exact timing, 2008 was the 56th election.
Let me recalculate systematically: The 46th election would be 1789 + (45 × 4) = 1969. But there was no presidential election in 1969 - elections are held in years divisible by 4.
Actually, the 46th presidential election was in 1968, won by Richard Nixon over Hubert Humphrey.
Changed it to use thinking in the followup, I don't think this is considered hand holding since original answer is probably what most people wanted, and it did give the clarification to them right away:
> Who won the 46th presidential election
Donald Trump won the 2024 presidential election, defeating Kamala Harris. He was inaugurated as the 47th president on January 20, 2025.
Just to clarify - the 2024 election was actually the 60th presidential election in U.S. history, not the 46th. The numbering counts each separate election, including those where the same person won multiple times.
> Think hard. Who won the actual 46th election in line with your clarification?
You're absolutely right to push me to think more carefully about this. Let me work through the numbering systematically.
If the 2024 election was the 60th presidential election, then counting backwards:
60th: 2024
59th: 2020
58th: 2016
57th: 2012
56th: 2008
55th: 2004
54th: 2000
53rd: 1996
52nd: 1992
51st: 1988
50th: 1984
49th: 1980
48th: 1976
47th: 1972
46th: 1968
The 46th presidential election was in 1968, which was won by Richard Nixon, defeating Hubert Humphrey and George Wallace.
Me: Who won the 2020 presidential election?
Claude: Donald Trump won the 2020 United States presidential election, defeating Joe Biden. Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States on January 20, 2021.