I hit the same issue, building on mac to deploy to linux.

I added this build step before `scp`ing the binary to the server

  docker run --rm --platform=linux/amd64 \
    -v "$PWD":/app -w /app \
    golang:1.22-bullseye \
    /bin/bash -c "apt update && apt install -y gcc sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev && \
    CGO_ENABLED=1 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o app-linux-amd64 ./cmd/main.go"

Looking at the article, I should give modernc sqlite driver a try.