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Here's how I think about it:

- Money (the concept) is useful to society as a store of value, so you don't have to waste effort bartering for things.

- Adding on to that, credit is useful to society since it lets humanity even more efficiently allocate its good and labor (stored as money).

- Finally, stocks, insurance, and other financial instruments are additional advanced developments on top of credit, where groups of humans (companies) can take on even more risky endeavors supported by investors or insurers.

So my view is companies like Jane Street facilitate these complicated value transfers, to let (e.g.) a spaceship company draw on resources generated by growing crops, selling shoes, giving haircuts, etc via a convoluted path through stocks, ETFs, whatever.



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